What is MVC?
MVC
is a framework methodology that divides an application’s implementation into
three component roles: models, views, and controllers.
“Models” in a MVC based
application are the components of the application that are responsible for
maintaining state. Often this state is persisted inside a database (for
example: we might have a Product class that is used to represent order data
from the Products table inside SQL).
“Views” in a MVC based application are the
components responsible for displaying the application’s user interface.
Typically this UI is created off of the model data (for example: we might
create an Product “Edit” view that surfaces textboxes, dropdowns and checkboxes
based on the current state of a Product object).
“Controllers” in a MVC based application are the
components responsible for handling end user interaction, manipulating the
model, and ultimately choosing a view to render to display UI. In a MVC
application the view is only about displaying information – it is the
controller that handles and responds to user input and interaction.
What are the 3 main components of an ASP.NET MVC
application?
1. M - Model
2. V - View
3. C - Controller
In which assembly is the MVC framework defined?
System.Web.Mvc
Is it possible to combine ASP.NET webforms and
ASP.MVC and develop a single web application?
Yes, it is possible to combine ASP.NET webforms
and ASP.MVC and develop a single web application.
What does Model, View and Controller represent
in an MVC application?
Model: Model represents the application data
domain. In short the applications business logic is contained with in the
model.
View: Views represent the user interface, with
which the end users interact. In short the all the user interface logic is contained
with in the UI.
Controller: Controller is the component that
responds to user actions. Based on the user actions, the respective controller,
work with the model, and selects a view to render that displays the user
interface. The user input logic is contained with in the controller.
What is the greatest advantage of using asp.net
mvc over asp.net webforms?
It is difficult to unit test UI with webforms,
where views in mvc can be very easily unit tested.
Which approach provides better support for test
driven development - ASP.NET MVC or ASP.NET Webforms?
ASP.NET MVC
What
is Razor View Engine?
Razor
view engine is a new view engine created with ASP.Net MVC model using specially
designed Razor parser to render the HTML out of dynamic server side code. It
allows us to write Compact, Expressive, Clean and Fluid code with new syntaxes
to include server side code in to HTML.
What are the advantages of ASP.NET MVC?
1. Extensive support for TDD. With asp.net MVC,
views can also be very easily unit tested.
2. Complex applications can be easily managed
3. Seperation of concerns. Different aspects of
the application can be divided into Model, View and Controller.
4. ASP.NET MVC views are light weight, as they
donot use viewstate.
Is it possible to unit test an MVC application
without running the controllers in an ASP.NET process?
Yes, all the features in an asp.net MVC
application are interface based and hence mocking is much easier. So, we don't
have to run the controllers in an ASP.NET process for unit testing.
What
is namespace of asp.net mvc?
ASP.NET
MVC namespaces and classes are located in the System.Web.Mvc assembly.
System.Web.Mvc namespace
Contains classes and interfaces that support the MVC pattern for ASP.NET Web
applications. This namespace includes classes that represent controllers,
controller factories, action results, views, partial views, and model binders.
System.Web.Mvc.Ajax namespace
Contains classes that support Ajax scripts in an ASP.NET MVC application. The
namespace includes support for Ajax scripts and Ajax option settings.
System.Web.Mvc.Async namespace
Contains classes and interfaces that support asynchronous actions in an ASP.NET
MVC application
System.Web.Mvc.Html namespace
Contains classes that help render HTML controls in an MVC application. The
namespace includes classes that support forms, input controls, links, partial
views, and validation.
Is it possible to share a view across
multiple controllers?
Yes, put the view into the shared folder. This
will automatically make the view available across multiple controllers.
What is the role of a controller in an MVC
application?
The controller responds to user interactions, with
the application, by selecting the action method to execute and alse selecting
the view to render.
Where are the routing rules defined in an
asp.net MVC application?
In Application_Start event in Global.asax
Name a few different return types of a
controller action method?
The following are just a few return types of a
controller action method. In general an action method can return an instance of
a any class that derives from ActionResult class.
1. ViewResult
2. JavaScriptResult
3. RedirectResult
4. ContentResult
5. JsonResult
What
is the ‘page lifecycle’ of an ASP.NET MVC?
Following process are performed by ASP.Net MVC page:
1) App initialization
2) Routing
3) Instantiate and execute controller
4) Locate and invoke controller action
5) Instantiate and render view
What is the significance of
NonActionAttribute?
In general, all public methods of a controller
class are treated as action methods. If you want prevent this default
behaviour, just decorate the public method with NonActionAttribute.
What is the significance of ASP.NET routing?
ASP.NET MVC uses ASP.NET routing, to map incoming
browser requests to controller action methods. ASP.NET Routing makes use of
route table. Route table is created when your web application first starts. The
route table is present in the Global.asax file.
How
route table is created in ASP.NET MVC?
When
an MVC application first starts, the Application_Start() method is called. This
method, in turn, calls the RegisterRoutes() method. The RegisterRoutes() method
creates the route table.
What are the 3 segments of the default route,
that is present in an ASP.NET MVC application?
1st Segment - Controller Name
2nd Segment - Action Method Name
3rd Segment - Parameter that is passed to the
action method
Examplehttp://nareshkamuni.blogspot.in/search/label/MVC
Controller Name = search
Action Method Name = label
Parameter Id = MVC
ASP.NET MVC application, makes use of settings
at 2 places for routing to work correctly. What are these 2 places?
1. Web.Config File : ASP.NET routing has to be
enabled here.
2. Global.asax File : The Route table is created
in the application Start event handler, of the Global.asax file.
How
do you avoid XSS Vulnerabilities in ASP.NET MVC?
Use
thesyntax in ASP.NET MVC instead of usingin .net framework 4.0.
What is the adavantage of using ASP.NET
routing?
In an ASP.NET web application that does not make
use of routing, an incoming browser request should map to a physical file. If
the file does not exist, we get page not found error.
An ASP.NET web application that does make use of
routing, makes use of URLs that do not have to map to specific files in a Web
site. Because the URL does not have to map to a file, you can use URLs that are
descriptive of the user's action and therefore are more easily understood by
users.
What are the 3 things that are needed to
specify a route?
1. URL Pattern - You can include
placeholders in a URL pattern so that variable data can be passed to the
request handler without requiring a query string.
2. Handler - The handler can be a
physical file such as an .aspx file or a controller class.
3. Name for the Route - Name is
optional.
Is the following route definition a valid route
definition?
{controller}{action}/{id}
No, the above definition is not a valid route
definition, because there is no literal value or delimiter between the
placeholders. Therefore, routing cannot determine where to separate the value
for the controller placeholder from the value for the action placeholder.
What is the use of the following default route?
{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}
This route definition, prevent requests for the
Web resource files such as WebResource.axd or ScriptResource.axd from being
passed to a controller.
What is the difference between adding routes,
to a webforms application and to an mvc application?
To add routes to a webforms application, we use MapPageRoute()
method of the RouteCollection class, where as to add routes to an MVC
application we use MapRoute() method.
How do you handle variable number of segments
in a route definition?
Use a route with a catch-all parameter. An example is shown below. * is referred to as catch-all parameter.
controller/{action}/{*parametervalues}
What are the 2 ways of adding constraints to a
route?
1. Use regular expressions
2. Use an object that implements
IRouteConstraint interface
Give 2 examples for scenarios when routing is
not applied?
1. A Physical File is Found that Matches the
URL Pattern - This default behaviour can be overriden by setting the
RouteExistingFiles property of the RouteCollection object to true.
2. Routing Is Explicitly Disabled for a URL
Pattern - Use the RouteCollection.Ignore() method to prevent routing
from handling certain requests.
What is the use of action filters in an MVC
application?
Action Filters allow us to add pre-action and
post-action behavior to controller action methods.
If I have multiple filters impleted, what is
the order in which these filters get executed?
1. Authorization filters
2. Action filters
3. Response filters
4. Exception filters
What are the different types of filters, in an asp.net
mvc application?
1. Authorization filters
2. Action filters
3. Result filters
4. Exception filters
Give an example for Authorization filters in an
asp.net mvc application?
1. RequireHttpsAttribute
2. AuthorizeAttribute
Which filter executes first in an asp.net mvc
application?
Authorization filter
What are the levels at which filters can be
applied in an asp.net mvc application?
1. Action Method
2. Controller
3. Application
[b]Is it possible to create a custom filter?[/b]
Yes
What filters are executed in the end?
Exception Filters
Is it possible to cancel filter execution?
Yes
What type of filter does OutputCacheAttribute
class represents?
Result Filter
What are the 2 popular asp.net mvc view
engines?
1. Razor
2. .aspx
What
is difference between Viewbag and Viewdata in ASP.NET MVC?
The
basic difference between ViewData and ViewBag is that in ViewData instead
creating dynamic properties we use properties of Model to transport the Model
data in View and in ViewBag we can create dynamic properties without using Model
data.
What
symbol would you use to denote, the start of a code block in razor views?
@
What symbol would you use to denote, the start
of a code block in aspx views?
<%= %>
In razor syntax, what is the escape sequence
character for @ symbol?
The escape sequence character for @ symbol, is
another @ symbol
When using razor views, do you have to take any
special steps to proctect your asp.net mvc application from cross site
scripting (XSS) attacks?
No, by default content emitted using a @ block is
automatically HTML encoded to protect from cross site scripting (XSS) attacks.
When using aspx view engine, to have a
consistent look and feel, across all pages of the application, we can make use
of asp.net master pages. What is asp.net master pages equivalent, when using razor
views?
To have a consistent look and feel when using
razor views, we can make use of layout pages. Layout pages, reside in the
shared folder, and are named as _Layout.cshtml
What are sections?
Layout pages, can define sections, which can then
be overriden by specific views making use of the layout. Defining and
overriding sections is optional.
What are the file extensions for razor views?
1. .cshtml - If the programming
lanugaue is C#
2. .vbhtml - If the programming
lanugaue is VB
How do you specify comments using razor syntax?
Razor syntax makes use of @* to indicate the
begining of a comment and *@ to indicate the end. An example is shown below.
What is Routing?
A
route is a URL pattern that is mapped to a handler. The handler can be a
physical file, such as an .aspx file in a Web Forms application. Routing module
is responsible for mapping incoming browser requests to particular MVC controller
actions.
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